![]() Fixed dullness to percussion in left flank dullness to percussion in right flank that disappears with change of position.Hypotension, tachycardia, shortness of breath.Injured in penetrating trauma of the left upper quadrant.Most commonly injured organ with blunt abdominal trauma.Abdominal distention and peritoneal irritation.Guarding over right upper or lower quadrant rebound abdominal tenderness.Persistent hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation.Hemorrhage is most common cause of death from liver injury overall mortality 10%–15%.Highest mortality from blunt injury (more common in suburban areas) and gunshot wound (more common in urban areas).Most commonly injured organ (both blunt and penetrating injuries) blunt injuries (70% of total) usually occur from motor vehicle crashes and steering wheel trauma. ![]() May occur as a complication from cardiopulmonary resuscitation or from gastric dilation.Penetrating injury is more common than blunt injury in one-third of patients, both the anterior and the posterior walls are penetrated.May be associated with cervical spine injury.May be caused by iatrogenic perforation.May be caused by knives, bullets, foreign body obstruction.Penetrating injury is more common than blunt injury.May be hard to diagnose because of multisystem trauma or the liver may “plug” the defect and mask it.Acute chest pain and shortness of breath may indicate diaphragmatic tear.Diaphragmatic tear usually indicates multi-organ involvement. ![]()
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